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Opposition ladder

Thumb tip-to-fingertip then slide to fifth metacarpal base

DexterityThumbFingersoppositiontranslationLow riskPhases 2, 3, 4

Goal

Combines discrete opposition contacts with a controlled translation for real-world arcs.

Motion taxonomy (reference)

Also called: thumb flex ext · thumb in out · thumb opposition with stroke · thumb to fingertips and base

Structures:

Muscles — abductor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis, extensor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, thenar muscles

Tendons — thumb flexor and extensor tendons, thumb opposition tendons

Bones / joints — CMC joint, finger phalanges, first metacarpal, IP joint, little finger phalanges, MCP joint, thumb CMC, thumb CMC joint, thumb IP, thumb IP joint, thumb MCP, thumb MCP joint

Indexed benefits: builds coordination · helps pinch control · improves opposition · improves thumb mobility · supports functional pinch arc · supports opposition · supports thumb reach · trains smooth movement

Common contexts: buttoning and pinch · CMC rehab · dexterity training · fine motor rehab · opposition training · pinch recovery · thumb mobility · thumb stiffness

Best for

  • Functional opposition arc
  • Dexterity after CMC irritation

Default dose

Reps6
Frequency3× daily
Sets / time

6 reps • 3×/day

Avoid when

  • Acute basal joint synovitis

Measurement targets

  • Time to complete ladder

Setup

  • Forearm supported; fingers gently curved.

Steps

  1. 1Touch thumb tip to index, middle, ring, and small fingertips in order.
  2. 2Slide the thumb down the side of the small finger toward the MCP line.
  3. 3Return along the same path.

Cues

  • Light pressure only.
  • Smooth path, no grinding.

Common mistakes

  • Forcing the thumb into the palm.

Stop if you feel

Stop rules

  • Sharp pain (≥ 4/10)
  • Increasing swelling during or after
  • New or worsening numbness or tingling
  • Color change in fingers (pale, blue, red)
  • Wound opens, drains, or feels hot
  • Next morning is worse than the day before

Progressions

  • Slightly faster cadence if pain-free.

Regressions

  • Stop at index and long only.
Continue your rehab

What to do next — not a dead end

Suggestions use body region, goal, motion type, and allowed phases — not your medical record. After surgery or a flare, follow your clinician first.

Estimated time

~2–5 min as a focused practice block

6 reps · 3×/day

Equipment

None required — table or bodyweight only.

Rehab stage

Phases 2, 3, 4

Generally lower load — still respect pain and swelling.

When to stop

Sharp pain (≥ 4/10)

Increasing swelling during or after

Full stop rules ↑

Avoid if this sounds like you

Acute basal joint synovitis

Reread best-for context ↑

Keep momentum without overdoing it

Log a short check-in to protect your streak — even one quality set counts.

Scaling in plain language: Easier — Stop at index and long only. · Harder — Slightly faster cadence if pain-free.Full cues ↑